- Which of the following best defines reading?
A. Looking at words without understanding
B. The process of decoding symbols to derive meaning
C. Memorizing words without comprehension
D. Speaking aloud without understanding - The simple view of reading emphasizes the combination of:
A. Vocabulary and grammar
B. Decoding and language comprehension
C. Skimming and scanning
D. Writing and comprehension - Intensive reading focuses mainly on:
A. Reading for pleasure
B. Careful reading for complete understanding
C. Speed reading
D. Listening to text - Extensive reading is mainly for:
A. Grammar correction
B. Enjoyment and general understanding
C. Pronunciation practice
D. Vocabulary drilling - Skimming is best used when:
A. Reading every detail
B. Memorizing a passage
C. Getting the general idea quickly
D. Reading aloud - Scanning is useful for:
A. Summarizing
B. Looking for specific information
C. Reading for pleasure
D. Paraphrasing - Which type of writing is aimed at explaining facts?
A. Persuasive
B. Narrative
C. Expository
D. Descriptive - A writing style that aims to convince readers is called:
A. Narrative
B. Descriptive
C. Persuasive
D. Expository - Which type of writing tells a story?
A. Narrative
B. Expository
C. Persuasive
D. Reflective - Writing that appeals to the senses is:
A. Expository
B. Persuasive
C. Descriptive
D. Narrative - One importance of reading and writing is that they:
A. Make teachers rich
B. Promote critical thinking
C. Replace speaking skills
D. Eliminate exams - The cognitive theory of reading focuses on:
A. Emotions and feelings
B. Mental processes involved in understanding text
C. Only pronunciation
D. Group discussions - Schema theory in reading stresses:
A. Reading without prior knowledge
B. Using prior knowledge to interpret new text
C. Memorizing all vocabulary
D. Reading aloud - Which reading model views reading as a step-by-step process?
A. Interactive model
B. Linear model
C. Psycholinguistic model
D. Whole language model - The interactive model of reading combines:
A. Skimming and scanning
B. Top-down and bottom-up processes
C. Reading and writing
D. Listening and speaking - The psycholinguistic model emphasizes:
A. Grammar drills
B. The role of language and thought in reading
C. Memorization of text
D. Skimming only - Fluency in reading means:
A. Reading slowly with pauses
B. Reading accurately, quickly, and with expression
C. Reading without understanding
D. Speaking fluently - Vocabulary as a reading component refers to:
A. Grammar rules
B. Knowledge of word meanings
C. Punctuation marks
D. Sentence arrangement - Reading comprehension is:
A. Reading aloud
B. Understanding and interpreting text
C. Writing down words
D. Memorizing sentences - The central idea in writing refers to:
A. The main point or theme of the writing
B. The title of the writing
C. The conclusion
D. The introduction - The organization of writing means:
A. Correct spelling
B. Logical arrangement of ideas
C. Writing speed
D. Handwriting style - Supporting material in writing includes:
A. Titles only
B. Examples, facts, and evidence
C. Blank spaces
D. Punctuation marks - Expression in writing refers to:
A. The way ideas are presented through language
B. Use of capital letters
C. Writing tools used
D. Number of paragraphs - Which is NOT part of writing mechanics?
A. Grammar
B. Punctuation
C. Drawing pictures
D. Spelling - Pseudo reading refers to:
A. Reading for pleasure
B. Pretend reading without actual understanding
C. Reading for learning
D. Skimming - Initial reading stage involves:
A. Reading to learn new concepts
B. Reading without meaning
C. Learning to decode words
D. Writing essays - Reading for learning occurs when:
A. Learners guess meanings
B. Learners use reading to gain knowledge
C. Learners memorize spellings
D. Learners read aloud only - Multiple viewpoints stage in reading means:
A. Considering different perspectives from texts
B. Ignoring other opinions
C. Reading without comprehension
D. Reading only one source - Construction and reconstruction in reading is:
A. Skimming
B. Synthesizing and reorganizing knowledge
C. Memorizing text
D. Copying passages - Product writing approach focuses on:
A. Drafting multiple times
B. The final written product
C. Oral presentations
D. Group discussions - Process writing emphasizes:
A. The end product only
B. Steps such as planning, drafting, revising, and editing
C. Printing the work
D. Reading aloud - Whole language approach to reading focuses on:
A. Letter-by-letter decoding
B. Reading for meaning in real contexts
C. Grammar drilling
D. Memorizing words - Keyword/sentence approach emphasizes:
A. Using key words or sentences to teach reading
B. Reading only headlines
C. Reading for pleasure
D. Guessing words - The integrated approach to reading and writing:
A. Separates reading from writing
B. Combines reading and writing activities
C. Teaches only reading
D. Teaches only writing - A common reading problem is:
A. Too much vocabulary
B. Lack of vocabulary
C. Writing too much
D. Short sentences - Lack of fluency means:
A. Reading too fast
B. Slow, inaccurate, or expressionless reading
C. Reading too loud
D. Writing without grammar - Lack of comprehension is when:
A. Learners write incorrectly
B. Learners fail to understand what they read
C. Learners skip words
D. Learners read quickly - Lack of basic grammar affects:
A. Listening skills
B. Sentence correctness in writing
C. Vocabulary size
D. Reading speed - Lack of organization in writing leads to:
A. Clear structure
B. Confused and illogical flow
C. Improved comprehension
D. Faster reading - A remedy for lack of vocabulary is:
A. Avoid reading
B. Extensive reading and vocabulary exercises
C. Memorizing the dictionary
D. Writing less
One effective way to improve fluency is:
A. Skimming only
B. Regular guided oral reading
C. Copying passages
D. Memorizing definitions
- The test of fluency in reading mainly measures:
A. Vocabulary size
B. Reading speed, accuracy, and expression
C. Grammar rules
D. Writing style - The five-step conceptual model is used for assessing:
A. Reading aloud
B. Writing skills
C. Listening comprehension
D. Speaking skills - Informal assessment of paragraph composition involves:
A. Standardized tests only
B. Teacher’s observation and feedback
C. Peer grading without criteria
D. Memorizing grammar rules - Diagnostic analysis of writing conventions checks:
A. Reading comprehension
B. Spelling, punctuation, and grammar usage
C. Drawing diagrams
D. Vocabulary quizzes - EDRA stands for:
A. Early Development Reading Approach
B. Early Reading Diagnostic Assessment
C. Easy Reading Diagnostic Approach
D. Educational Reading Data Analysis - Assessing comprehension skills mainly involves:
A. Counting words
B. Asking questions based on the text
C. Checking handwriting
D. Scanning - Reading proficiency assessment determines:
A. The level of skill in reading tasks
B. The student’s handwriting style
C. The number of books read
D. Spelling ability - A problem with using assessment tools is:
A. They are too easy
B. They may not capture all learner abilities
C. They always give wrong results
D. They are all free - Reading and writing materials are defined as:
A. Only printed books
B. Resources that support teaching reading and writing
C. Computers only
D. Teacher’s handwriting samples - A key factor to consider when selecting reading materials is:
A. The teacher’s age
B. Learners’ needs and interests
C. The publisher’s name
D. The teacher’s handwriting - Preparing JHS reading materials involves:
A. Ignoring technology
B. Selecting appropriate content and design
C. Using random texts
D. Avoiding visuals - Technology can be used in teaching reading and writing through:
A. Only chalkboards
B. Audio-visual aids and digital resources
C. Printing only
D. Writing letters by hand - One advantage of using online reading resources is:
A. They cannot be updated
B. They provide diverse and up-to-date content
C. They require no internet
D. They are all free - Visual materials for reading include:
A. Audio recordings
B. Charts, pictures, and diagrams
C. Newspapers only
D. Digital files only - Audio-visual materials include:
A. Textbooks
B. Videos and multimedia presentations
C. Pictures only
D. Printed worksheets - Interpreting the JHS literacy curriculum involves:
A. Identifying its reading and writing content
B. Ignoring the syllabus
C. Memorizing the curriculum
D. Writing lesson notes only - A deficiency in the literacy curriculum may be:
A. Too many pictures
B. Lack of adequate reading strategies
C. Using textbooks
D. Teaching vocabulary - Dealing with curriculum deficiencies requires:
A. Ignoring them
B. Designing strategies to fill the gaps
C. Avoiding reading lessons
D. Changing the syllabus entirely - A scheme of work is prepared:
A. Before teaching to guide lesson delivery
B. After exams
C. Without any plan
D. Only by school heads - One benefit of group discussion in learning is:
A. It wastes time
B. It encourages sharing of ideas
C. It reduces participation
D. It limits knowledge - Think-pair-share strategy involves:
A. Thinking individually, pairing up, and sharing ideas
B. Thinking in groups only
C. Writing essays alone
D. Speaking without preparation - Debate in teaching reading is used to:
A. Create conflict
B. Encourage critical thinking and defense of ideas
C. Avoid reading
D. Stop discussions - Demonstration in teaching is:
A. Showing learners how to do something
B. Reading aloud
C. Listening to lectures
D. Writing on the board only - Role-play in reading lessons helps learners to:
A. Practice reading in real-life scenarios
B. Sleep in class
C. Avoid speaking
D. Copy from the board - School visits help student teachers to:
A. Observe practical classroom teaching
B. Replace textbooks
C. Avoid assignments
D. Reduce reading - A child study involves:
A. Investigating an individual learner’s needs
B. Reading only stories
C. Assessing a whole class only
D. Skimming through textbooks - Vocabulary drills improve:
A. Listening skills only
B. Word knowledge and usage
C. Handwriting speed
D. Drawing ability - Grammar practice in writing improves:
A. Vocabulary size only
B. Sentence accuracy and clarity
C. Reading fluency only
D. Skimming - Comprehension exercises aim to:
A. Develop understanding of text
B. Teach spelling
C. Improve drawing skills
D. Memorize facts only - Lack of content knowledge in writing leads to:
A. Rich essays
B. Weak and shallow ideas
C. Clear organization
D. High grammar scores - Which approach teaches reading in real contexts?
A. Keyword approach
B. Whole language approach
C. Linear approach
D. Interactive approach - The product approach to writing values:
A. Drafting only
B. The quality of the final text
C. Peer editing
D. Brainstorming only - The process approach values:
A. Only the first draft
B. The stages of developing a text
C. Memorization
D. Skimming - Integrating reading and writing helps to:
A. Separate skills
B. Reinforce literacy development
C. Reduce vocabulary
D. Avoid comprehension - Reading for pleasure is part of:
A. Intensive reading
B. Extensive reading
C. Skimming
D. Scanning - Finding a date in a timetable is an example of:
A. Skimming
B. Scanning
C. Intensive reading
D. Extensive reading - Looking over a text to grasp the main idea is:
A. Skimming
B. Scanning
C. Intensive reading
D. Extensive reading - Persuasive writing uses:
A. Arguments and convincing language
B. Only facts
C. Only pictures
D. Lists - Narrative writing includes:
A. Characters, setting, and plot
B. Only facts
C. Grammar rules
D. Charts - Descriptive writing focuses on:
A. Sensory details
B. Instructions
C. Lists
D. Facts - Expository writing aims to:
A. Convince the reader
B. Tell a story
C. Explain or inform
D. Describe - The linear model of reading is also called:
A. Top-down model
B. Bottom-up model
C. Interactive model
D. Psycholinguistic model - The top-down approach in reading focuses on:
A. Using prior knowledge to predict meaning
B. Letter-by-letter decoding
C. Grammar
D. Vocabulary - Bottom-up processing in reading starts from:
A. Ideas to words
B. Letters and sounds to meaning
C. Sentences to paragraphs
D. Knowledge to text - One limitation of the whole language approach is:
A. It may neglect explicit phonics instruction
B. It uses real texts
C. It encourages reading for meaning
D. It integrates skills - One challenge in using assessment tools is:
A. They can be time-consuming
B. They improve learning
C. They guide teaching
D. They provide feedback - Diagnostic tests are used to:
A. Identify learners’ strengths and weaknesses
B. Award grades only
C. Replace lessons
D. Punish students - Informal assessment is:
A. Ongoing and less structured
B. Always standardized
C. Exam-based only
D. National testing - Reading materials for JHS should be:
A. Age-appropriate and engaging
B. Very difficult
C. Only in English
D. Without visuals - Technology integration in literacy helps:
A. Avoid reading
B. Enhance engagement and access to resources
C. Replace teachers entirely
D. Reduce skills - A deficiency in the curriculum can cause:
A. Poor literacy outcomes
B. Better teaching
C. More textbooks
D. More teachers - Skimming is best for:
A. Previewing a text
B. Reading aloud
C. Grammar checking
D. Editing - Scanning is best for:
A. Finding a specific name or figure
B. Summarizing
C. Describing
D. Predicting - Reading aloud improves:
A. Pronunciation and fluency
B. Only comprehension
C. Listening skills only
D. Vocabulary only - A reading proficiency test can show:
A. The teacher’s skill
B. The learner’s reading level
C. How many books exist
D. Grammar rules - Remediation for reading difficulties may include:
A. Ignoring the problem
B. Targeted intervention activities
C. Reducing reading time
D. Giving more exams - Writing mechanics focus on:
A. Spelling, punctuation, and grammar
B. Plot and theme
C. Vocabulary size
D. Story length - One benefit of extensive reading is:
A. Improved vocabulary and comprehension
B. Memorizing
C. Fewer books read
D. More grammar drills - The ultimate aim of teaching reading and writing is to:
A. Prepare for exams only
B. Develop lifelong literacy skills
C. Write neatly
D. Avoid oral work
ESSAY QUESTIONS
- Explain the factors to consider when selecting reading and writing materials for JHS learners and how ICT can support material development.
- Discuss the role of technology in teaching reading and writing.
- Discuss 5 challenges teachers face when using reading and writing assessment tools, and suggest 2 solutions.
- Define reading and writing, and explain the simple view of reading and writing in the context of teaching at JHS / primary level.
- Explain 5 importance of reading and writing for JHS learners.
- Explain the key components of writing.
- Identify common reading and writing problems among JHS learners, and propose remedies to address them.
- Explain the following reading techniques, giving appropriate examples for each:
a) Intensive Reading
b) Extensive Reading
c) Skimming
d) Scanning
